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Shading: is used traditionally in drawing to help create the illusion of depth, often by applying a gradient ranging from light to dark. The closer the lines are together, the darker the area appears. Likewise, the farther apart the lines are, the lighter the area appears.
Draw a circle on the page.
Outside the circle, lightly mark an x' as your light source
Here, use the ruler to lightly draw two lines from the mark to the opposite ends of the circle.
Section off your circle with lines that curve toward the light source.
Begin using the pencil to shade in areas. If you have a "B" pencil use it now!
It is easier to build up darkness, so start with those areas first.
There will be a small reflection of light opposite the light source, as the sphere cannot fully block light.
As we reach areas the light touches, lessen the pressure, barely making marks in the brightest spots.
Continue adding marks to make the gradient seamless, you can even use a tissue to blend together tones.
Shade in the direction of the contours or curves
Turn the paper to help you shade in an arc
Look carefully at the direction of light
Adjust your grip to create darker tones
Your HB pencil is good for the lightest tones
Look closely at reflected light
Use a 4B for the darkest tones
Use an HB pencil to smooth the graphite
Add the cast shadow
Try NOT to use your fingers to blend